Environment and Occupational Health Paper II

Several Description of the course

The course consists of two major components: i) environmental health and ii) occupational health, it aims at providing theoretical and practical knowledge on the various components of environment health and occupation health. The students will able to translate the ecosystem concept to improve the environment and occupation health for healthy living in the community. The course helps the students learn basic principles of environmental health and occupational health in a holistic and integrated manner to solve and mitigate the problems related to human health problems.

Specific objectives:

I Environmental Health

Students will be able to

  • explain the concept and relevance of environmental health and environmental sanitation
  • describe the key environmental issues.

2.1 Water

Students will be able to

  • describe the sources of water.
  • analyze the relevancy of water quality and quantity
  • explain the concept of safe water, water quality standard/ water quantity guideline
  • explain water quality indicator parameters
  • explain the implication of water quality map in the community
  • explain the concept of water purification and its types and implication
  • describe water related diseases and its prevention

2.2 Waste

Students will be able to

  • describe the types of wastes and classify the wastes.

2.2.1 Solid waste

Students will be able to

  • describe the types of solid wastes
  • explain the waste management practices existing in Nepal
  • analyze the waste types and their impact on health

2.2.2 Liquid Waste

Students will be able to

  • describe the types of liquid waste
  • explain the liquid waste management practices existing in Nepal
  • explain the liquid waste quality and its impact on health

2.3 Air Pollution

Students will be able to

  • describe the air pollution
  • explain the sources of air pollution
  • explain the types of air pollution
  • describe air pollutants and its impact on health
  • explain air pollution mitigation measures

2.4 Housing/ Settlement

Students will be able to

  • define housing
  • describe the effect of poor housing
  • explain standard of housing
  • explain the concept of settlement
  • explain the rural settlements/ urban settlements
  • explain urban development and its consequences
  • explain noise pollution and its health impact

2.5 Food

Students will be able to

  • explain the concept of food security
  • explain food adulteration and food storage
  • explain principals of food handling and food supply
  • explain about the mycotoxin in food: Aflotoxin; Fusarium derived toxin and its prevention; Zeralenon etc.
  • describe about food law in relation to food hygiene

2.6 Ecology

Students will be able to

  • explain the concept of ecology, ecosystem, biosphere, energy cycle, interdependence of environment, plant, animal and human health.
  • describe the people’s participation in ecological preservation.
  • Explain the management of environmental health
  • describe the role of governmental and non-governmental agencies and communities in environmental preservation and promotion of environmental health.

3. Medical Entomology

Students will be able to

  • define medical entomology
  • explain the nature of important insects and arthropods as vector agents in relation to health
  • explain the mode of disease transmission and preventive methods of the following insects:
  • describe the medical importance of Bed-bugs, Cockroach, mosquitoes, fleas, sand-flies, domestic flies, ticks and mite.

II Occupational Health

Students will be able to

  • define occupational health and safety, historical development, principles, concept and scope of occupational health
  • enumerate and discuss occupational health hazards in agriculture

 

  1. Zoonotic and insect-borne diseases (Tetany, Bovine TB, Anthrax, Plague, Rabies)
  2. Physical health hazards (Heat, cold, light, moisture, noise, vibration)
  3. Chemical hazards (Acid, Alkali, Pesticides)
  4. Biological hazards (Bacteria, Virus, Clamidia, fungus, parasites, insects)
  5. Mechanical hazards (machineries, trauma)

 

  • discuss industrial occupational hazards such as

 

  1. Dermatological health problems (Primary, Secondary, Primary with systemic illness, Carcinogenic
  2. Respiratory health problems (Coalmiac pneumoconiosis, Asbestosis, Silicosis, Cold and cough, Bassynosis, Baggasosis, Bird fancier’s lungs, Farmer’s lung)
  3. Cardiovascular problems (Cor pulmonale)
  4. Problems of nervous system (peripheral, central)
  5. Occupational liver disease (Cirrhosis, Hepatitis, Hydelidosis, Carcinoma)
  6. Renal disease (Carcinoma)

 

  • carry out occupational health risk assessment and its management (man and environment, man and machine, man and man, principles and procedures of management)
  • explain ergonomic hazards and their control (Musculoskeletal hazards, relationship between biological and mechanical strength, Engineering and administrative control of ergonomic hazards)
  • explain regulations regarding the occupational hazards

 

  1. Workers compensation, (general concepts, procedure, requirement, types of compensation,
  2. Labour Act of Nepal (Principles, procedure, labour right, compensation)
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