33. Purification and analysis of organic compounds
34. Nomenclature of Organic compounds
35. Reaction Mechanisms
36. Hydrocarbons
37. Haloalkanes (Alkyl halides)
38. Alcohol, Phenol and Ether
39. Aldehyde and Ketones
40. Carboxylic acids
41. Compounds conatining Nitrogen
42. Polymers
43. Chemistry in daily life
44
Physical chemistry
3. Gaseous and Liquid states
1. PV=nRT is applicable to
[MOE 2062]
Isothermal changes
Adiabatic changes
Both (a) and (b)
None
(a) The ideal gas equation (PV=nRT) is strictly applicable to isothermal changes where temperature remains constant.
2. Which gas diffuses more rapidly?
[MOE 2063]
NO2
CO2
O2
NH3
(d) NH3 (M=17 g/mol) diffuses faster due to its lower molar mass compared to NO2 (46), CO2 (44), and O2 (32).
3. The compound A, B, C and D has 1, 2, 3 and 4 mole respectively kept in identical vessel at same temperature. The greatest pressure is exerted by
[MOE 2003]
A
B
C
D
(d) Pressure is directly proportional to moles of gas (P ∝ n) when V and T are constant. Hence, 4 moles (D) exert the highest pressure.
4. Which is true about O2 and SO2?
[MOE 2002]
Diffusing rate is same
O2 diffuses twice as SO2
Mol. Wt. of O2 is greater
O2 diffuses √2 times as SO2
(d) Rate of diffusion ∝ 1/√M. For O2 (M=32) and SO2 (M=64), ratio = √(64/32) = √2.
5. A certain mass of gas occupies 40 litres at 760 mmHg. What will be its volume at 5 atm?
[MOE 2002]
1 litre
2 litre
3 litre
8 litre
(d) Using Boyle's Law (P1V1 = P2V2): 1 atm × 40 L = 5 atm × V2 ⇒ V2 = 8 L.
6. One litre of gas at 0°C is heated to 100°C keeping mass and the pressure constant. What will be the new volume at 100°C?
[MOE 2058]
0.37 litre
1.37 litre
2.37 litre
3.37 litre
(b) Using Charles's Law (V1/T1 = V2/T2): 1 L / 273 K = V2 / 373 K ⇒ V2 ≈ 1.37 L.
7. The gas pressure in an aerosol can is 1.5 atm at 250°C. Assuming that the gas inside obeys Charles Law, what would be the pressure if the can were heated to 450°C?
[MOE 2000]
2.6 atm
3.6 atm
4.6 atm
5.6 atm
(a) Using Gay-Lussac's Law (P1/T1 = P2/T2): 1.5 atm / 523 K = P2 / 723 K ⇒ P2 ≈ 2.6 atm.
8. 2 gm of O2 at NTP has volume
[MOE 2000]
1.4 litre
2.8 litre
8 litre
11.2 litre
(a) Moles of O2 = 2 g / 32 g/mol = 0.0625 mol. Volume at NTP = 0.0625 × 22.4 L ≈ 1.4 L.
9. Equal weight of N2 and O2 contained in separate containers with same volume and temperatures have
[MOE 1997]
Equal no. of molecules
Different no. of molecules
O2 exerts more pressure than N2
N2 exerts more pressure than O2
(d) N2 (M=28) has more moles than O2 (M=32) for equal weights ⇒ higher pressure (P ∝ n).
10. A gas is heated in such a way that its volume and absolute temperature are both doubled. Then the pressure of the gas increases by
[IOM 1996]
2 times
4 times
6 times
Remains unchanged
(d) From combined gas law (PV/T = constant), if V and T both double, P remains unchanged.
11. Which of the following gases has the lowest rate of diffusion?
[MOE 2009]
Hydrogen chloride
Sulphur dioxide
Pentane
Carbon dioxide
(c) Pentane (C5H12, M=72 g/mol) has the highest molar mass ⇒ slowest diffusion.
12. A compound has high intermolecular attraction, then it has
[MOE 2008]
Low vapour pressure
Low boiling point
Low surface tension
Low viscosity
(a) Strong intermolecular forces reduce vapour pressure (more energy needed to escape liquid phase).