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| Binds to A site (Step 2) {30S Ribosome} | Prevents transfer of peptide from P to A (P->A) (Step 3) {50S Ribosome} | Binds to P site (Step 1) { 30S + 50S + 30S-50S junction | Prevents transfer of peptide from A to P (A->P) (Step 4) {50S Ribosome} |
| - Empirical therapy
- Mixed infection
- First choice drug
- Venereal diseases
- Chlamydial nonspecific urethritis
- Lymphogranuloma venereum
- Granuloma inguinale
- Atypical pneumonia
- Cholera
- Second choice drug
- To penicillin/ampicillin for tetanus
- To Ceftriaxone for Syphilis
- To azithromycin fro pneumonia
- Others
- UTI
- Community acquired pneumonia
| - Pyogenic Meningitis (alternative)
- Anaerobic infectsions
- Typhoid fever (especially in MDR cases)
- Intraocular infections
- Topically
- Conjunctivitis
- External ear infections
| - Severe gram-negative infections
- Subacute bacterial endocarditis
- Tuberculosis (Streptomycin)
- Plague
- tularemia
| - Respiratory tract infections
- Atypical pneumonia
- Chlamydia
- Pertussis
|
| - Irritative effects
- Epigastric pain
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhoea
- Organ toxicity
- Liver damage
- Kidney damage
- Phototoxicity
- Teeth discoloration and bone deformities in children
- Vestibular toxicity
- Hypersensitivity
- Super infection
| - Gray baby syndrome
- Bone marrow suppression (dose-related reversible & idiosyncratic aplastic anemia)
- Hypersensitivity reactions
- Irritative effects
- Epigastric pain
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhoea
- Hypersensitivity
- Fever
- Rash
- Atrophic glossitis
- Angioedema
- Super infection
| - Ototoxicity
- vestibular damage
- Cochlear damage
- Nephrotoxicity
- Neuromuscular blockade
| - Gastrointestinal
- Epigastric pain
- Nausea
- Anorexia
- Reversible hearing impairment
- Hypersensitivity
|
| Contraindicated in children <8 years and pregnancy due to bone/teeth effects | Reserved for life-threatening infections due to toxicity risk and Avoided in neonates | Avoided during pregnancy due to risk of foetal ototoxicity | Safe alternative in penicillin-allergic patients |