1. Anatomy
    2. 1.
  2. Physiology
    3. 2.
  3. Pathology
    4. 3. Liver cell cancer
  4. Pharmacology
    5. 4.
  5. Microbiology
    6. 5. Salmonella
    6. Shigella
    7. Escherichia coli
    8. Klebsiella
    9. Proteus
    10. Vibrio cholerae
    11. Clostridia
    12. Hepatitis
    13. Rota
    14. Adeno
    15. Norwalk
    16. Entamoeba histolytica
    17. Giardia lamblia
    18. Coccidian parasites and Cryptosporidium species
    19. Taenia species
    20. Echinococcus granulosus
    21. Heminolepis nana
    22. Ascaris lumbricoides
    23. Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus
    24. Enterobius vermicularis
    25. Trichuris trichuria
  6. Biochemistry
    7. 26. Biochemical principles of Nutrition
Microbiology
5. Salmonella
Image 1
DISEASE CAUSED
Enteric fever
  1. Salmonella typhi → Typhoid fever
  2. Salmonella Paratyphi A, B & C → Paratyphoid fever
Enterocolitis
  1. S. typhimurium
  2. S. enteritidis
  3. S. Thompson
  4. S. Newport
  5. S. Dublin
Septicemia
S. Choleraesius
Note
Salmonella enteritidis can cause Osteomyelitis in patients with sickle cell anaemia.
VIRULENCE FACTORS
Endotoxin
Invasin
Factors involved in resistance to phagocytosis
Catalase
Neutralizes oxygen radical.
Superoxide dismutase
Neutralizes oxygen radical.
Other factors
Neutralizes defensins.
Factors invlolved in resistance to acidic pH
Acid tolerance response gene (ATR gene)
Virulence (Vi) antigen
Surface Ag of Salmonella typhi
Has antiphagocytic property
Flagellin
  1. The core of bacterial flagella.
  2. Activates TLRs on host cells and increase the local inflammatory response.
Properties
Pseudomonas
Salmonella
Shigella
E. coli
Klebsiella
Biochemical (ICUT)
- + - K/K (-/-)
- - - K/A (+/+)
- - - K/A (-/-)
+ - - A/A (+/-)
- + + A/A (+/-)
Colony morppholoy
  • •
    Nutrient agar
    1. Large irregular colonies
    2. Metallic sheen
    3. Green color pigmentation
  • •
    DCA (Deoxycholate citrate agar)
    1. Pale colonies
    2. With black center
  • •
    XLD (Xylose lysine deoxycholate agar)
    1. Red colonies
    2. With black center
  • •
    DCA (Deoxycholate citrate agar)
    1. Colorless NLF colonies
  • •
    XLD (Xylose lysine deoxycholate agar)
    1. Red colonies
    2. Without black center
  • •
    MacConkey agar
    1. Flat pink lactose fermenting colonies
  • •
    MacConkey agar
    1. Mucoid dome-shaped
    2. Pink lactose-fermenting colonies