1. The escape velocity from earth surface is 11 km/sec. what is escape velocity from another planet of double radius having same mean density?
5.5 km/s
11 km/s
15.5 km/s
22 km/s
(d) Escape velocity ve = √(2GM/R) = √(2 * (4/3)πR³ρ * G / R) = √(8/3 πGρR² ) ∝ R√ρ. If radius doubles (R' = 2R) and density is same (ρ' = ρ), then ve' / ve = (2R√ρ) / (R√ρ) = 2. So ve' = 2 * 11 km/s = 22 km/s.
2. Kerosene is spread over water to destroy mosquito larva. Which property of kerosene is applied on this process?
High viscosity
Low viscosity
High surface tension
Low surface tension
(d) Kerosene has low surface tension. When spread over water, it reduces the surface tension of water, causing the mosquito larvae to sink and drown as they cannot remain afloat.
(d) The gyromagnetic ratio (γ) is the ratio of the magnetic moment (μ) to the angular momentum (L) of a particle. For an electron, γ = μ/L = (eħ/2m) / ħ = e/2m.
4. Which property of the medium is required for the propagation of sound?
Frequency and density
Elasticity and density
Frequency and elasticity
Frequency and temperature
(b) Sound waves are mechanical waves that require a medium for propagation. The speed of sound in a medium depends on the elasticity (ability to restore its shape after deformation) and density of the medium.
5. A vessel contains gas molecules and temperature of gas increases due to
Collsion
Conduction
Convection
radiation
(a) The temperature of a gas is related to the average kinetic energy of its molecules. When the temperature increases, it means the average kinetic energy of the molecules has increased, which is a result of collisions between the gas molecules and the walls of the container or due to external heat added causing more energetic collisions.
6. When current flows in a wire, then the temperature of wire increases due to:
Collision of electron
Resistance of wire
Flow of electron
Flow of current
(b) When current flows through a wire with resistance, electrons collide with the atoms in the wire, transferring some of their kinetic energy to the atoms, causing them to vibrate more and increasing the temperature of the wire (Joule heating).
7. During swimming competition, the temperature of internal hall keep is constant. Which of the following is correct?
Temperature of body muscles changes in water
Surface tension is directly proportional to temperature
Viscosity in inversely proportional to temperature
Keeping water cool.
(c) The viscosity of water is inversely proportional to its temperature. Maintaining a constant temperature in the pool ensures a consistent viscosity, which affects the swimmer's performance and experience.
8. Which of the following flow has highest loss.
Laminar flow
Streamline flow
Zig-zag flow
Turbulent flow
(d) Turbulent flow is characterized by chaotic changes in pressure and flow velocity. These fluctuations and eddies lead to higher energy losses compared to laminar or streamline flow, where the fluid moves in smooth layers.
9. The energy required to do work 60 kJ. The power required to do that work in 1 min is:
1 KW
10 KW
100 KW
100 W
(a) Power = Work done / Time taken. Work done = 60 kJ = 60000 J. Time taken = 1 min = 60 s. Power = 60000 J / 60 s = 1000 W = 1 KW.
10. When a particle moves in a circle of radius r and velocity 'v', then the motion is called
Periodic
Simple harmonic
Periodic and simple harmonic
Harmonic oscillation
(a) When a particle moves in a circle with a constant speed, it repeats its motion after a fixed interval of time, hence the motion is periodic. However, it is not simple harmonic motion as the restoring force is not directly proportional to the displacement from a mean position.
11. There is excess pressure inside a can. When we open the can the pressure decreases and liquid comes out. Which principle is applied in this process?
Boyle's law
Charle's law
Daltons law of partial pressure
Graham's law of diffusion
(a) Boyle's law states that the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume at constant temperature. When the can is opened, the volume available for the gas inside increases, leading to a decrease in pressure. The higher pressure inside initially forces the liquid out until equilibrium is reached with the atmospheric pressure.
12. During ultrasonography, a wave is reflected, scattered and absorbed. In this process which phenomenon occurs?
[Attenuation is the rate at which intensity of wave diminishes with the depth it covers or its penetration., 3 types, Reflection, Scattering, Absorption, Factors affecting attenuation, Frequency of the wave ∝, Types of tissue the wave is travelling, Depth to which the wave travels]
Echo
Attenuation
Resonance
Refraction
(b) Attenuation is the decrease in the intensity of a wave as it travels through a medium due to reflection, scattering, and absorption.
13. To convert a galvanometer into a ammeter:
High resistance connected in parallel
Low resistance connected in series
High resistance in parallel
Low resistance in parallel
(d) A galvanometer can be converted into an ammeter by connecting a low resistance (called a shunt) in parallel with the galvanometer. This allows most of the current to bypass the galvanometer, protecting it from damage, while still allowing a proportional current to flow through the galvanometer for measurement.
14. To see near object intraocular pressure increases and focal length of our eyes lens increases. This process is called:
Accomodation
Imagination
Microscopy
Vision
(a) Accommodation is the process by which the eye's lens changes shape to focus near or far objects on the retina. To focus on near objects, the ciliary muscles contract, increasing the curvature and hence the focal length of the lens (note: the question states focal length increases which is incorrect, it should decrease).
15. When an object is placed at 40 cm in front of a concave lens of focal length 20 cm. Then the nature of image formed is.
Virtual and inverted
Virtual and erect
Real, inverted and diminished
Real, inverted and of same size
(b) For a concave lens, the focal length (f) is negative, so f = -20 cm. The object distance (u) is also negative for a real object placed in front of the lens, so u = -40 cm. Using the lens formula 1/f = 1/v - 1/u, we get 1/(-20) = 1/v - 1/(-40) => -1/20 = 1/v + 1/40 => 1/v = -1/20 - 1/40 = (-2 - 1)/40 = -3/40 => v = -40/3 cm. Since the image distance (v) is negative, the image is virtual and formed on the same side as the object. Magnification m = v/u = (-40/3) / (-40) = 1/3. The magnification is positive, indicating that the image is erect and diminished.
16. IUPAC name of the compound is: CH_3−CO−CH(CH_3 )−CH_3
2-methyl 3-butanone
3,3-dimethyl butanone
3-methyl butanone
3-methyl 2-butanone
(d) The longest carbon chain containing the carbonyl group has four carbon atoms (butanone). The carbonyl group is at position 2. There is a methyl group attached to the third carbon atom. Therefore, the IUPAC name is 3-methylbutan-2-one.
17. The compound C_2 H_6 O has the functional isomers. One of them is CH_3 OCH_3, then the functional group of other isomer is:
Acid
Aldehyde
Hydroxyl
Ketone
(c) The molecular formula C2H6O corresponds to two functional isomers: dimethyl ether (CH3OCH3), which has an ether functional group, and ethanol (CH3CH2OH), which has a hydroxyl (alcohol) functional group.
18. The alkaline hydrolysis of fat yield soap and alcohol. Which of the following alcohol is formed in this process?
Ethanol
Methanol
Glycerol
Acetaldehyde
(c) Fats are triglycerides, which are esters of glycerol and fatty acids. Alkaline hydrolysis (saponification) of fats yields soap (sodium salts of fatty acids) and glycerol.
19. Alcohol is harmful for our body which contains ethanol. During alcohol metabolism, first oxidation product of ethanol is:
Acetaldehyde
Acetic acid
Methanol
Ether
(a) In the human body, ethanol is first metabolized by the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase to acetaldehyde.
20. During blood sugar test, the conc. Of bilirubin is found to be 12.1 mmol/l. then conc. In terms of molarity is:
1.2×10^(−3) mol/l
1.2×10^(−2) mol/l
1.2×10^(−1) mol/l
1.2×10^(−4) mol/l
(b) The question seems to be asking for the conversion between mmol/l and mol/l for bilirubin, but the value provided (12.1 mmol/l) is unusually high for bilirubin in a blood sugar test context (bilirubin is related to liver function, not blood sugar). Assuming the question intends a simple unit conversion: 1 mmol/l = 1 × 10-3 mol/l. Therefore, 12.1 mmol/l = 12.1 × 10-3 mol/l = 0.0121 mol/l = 1.21 × 10-2 mol/l. The closest option is b.
21. Saponification is ……… reaction.
1st order
2nd order
3 rd order
Psuedo unimolecular reaction
(b) Saponification, the alkaline hydrolysis of an ester (fat/oil), is typically a second-order reaction overall, first order with respect to the ester and first order with respect to the hydroxide ion.
22. Haemoglobin can transport oxygen in our body as: Hb+O_2⇌HbO_2 This reaction will shift right so as it carry more oxygen if:
Concn of HbO_2 increases
Partial pressure of O_2 increases
Conc. Of Hb decreases
Temperature increases
(b) The equilibrium of the reaction Hb + O2⇌HbO2 will shift to the right (favoring the formation of oxyhemoglobin and carrying more oxygen) if the partial pressure of O2 increases, according to Le Chatelier's principle.
23. Iodine is secreted by thyroid gland, its deficiency leads to goitre. This iodine falls in which group.
Chalcogens
Carbohydrate
Alkali
Halogens
(d) Iodine (I) is a halogen and belongs to Group 17 of the periodic table.
24. Table salt is made up of Sodium and Chlorine atom. Which is similar property between sodium and chlorine?
Both are highly electropositive
Both lie in same period
S-block element
Reducing agent
(b) Sodium (Na) and Chlorine (Cl) both belong to the third period of the periodic table.
25. Sodium-potassium pump is important for nerve impulse conduction in which sodium ion is involved the total no. of orbits which contains electron is:
1
2
3
4
(c) Sodium (Na) has an atomic number of 11, and its electronic configuration is 2, 8, 1. This means that the electrons are distributed in three orbits (K, L, and M).
26. Kidney stone formation occurs in our body due to deposition of calcium ion. This process is known as
Crystallization
Precipitation
Ionization
Sublimation
(b) Kidney stones are formed by the precipitation of dissolved minerals, often calcium compounds, from urine.
27. In the spontaneous reaction when △G is zero. Then the reaction is:
Equilibrium
Non-spontaneous
Spontaneous
All
(a) The Gibbs free energy change (△G) indicates the spontaneity of a reaction. When △G is negative, the reaction is spontaneous; when △G is positive, the reaction is non-spontaneous; and when △G is zero, the reaction is at equilibrium.
28. The table salt is the crystal of sodium and chlorine atom. It dissolves in water, then:
Enthalpy decreases
Enthalpy increases
Entropy decreases
Entropy increases
(d) When table salt (NaCl), an ionic compound, dissolves in water, the ions become more dispersed and disordered in the solution compared to their ordered arrangement in the crystal lattice. This increase in disorder corresponds to an increase in entropy (△S > 0).
29. The water molecules is formed of two hydrogen and one oxygen atom. Then the bond present in water molecule is:
Co-ordinate covalent
Covalent
Hydrogen
Ionic bond
(b) Water (H2O) molecules are formed by covalent bonds, where electrons are shared between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
30. Ionic bond is formed by complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another atom. Most favourable condition for electrovalency is:
Low charge on ions, large cation and small anion.
High charge on ions, large cation and large anion
High charge on ions, small cation and large anion.
Low charge on ions, small cations and large anion
(c) Favorable conditions for the formation of ionic bonds include high charge on ions (leading to stronger electrostatic attraction), a small cation (allowing for a higher concentration of positive charge and greater polarizing power), and a large anion (which is more easily polarized).
31. Respiration is the complete oxidation of glucose results into CO_2+H_2 O accompanied by the release of energy rich compound. Which of the following compound is energy rich?
ATP
GTP
FAD
FADH_2
(a) ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the primary energy currency of the cell, produced during respiration and used to drive various cellular processes.
32. In glycolysis, one molecule of glucose breaks into 2 molecule of 3 'C' containing pyruvic acid. In which of the following the glycolysis occurs?
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Golgi body
(a) Glycolysis, the initial breakdown of glucose, takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell.
33. Respiration occurs in the cellular component in which complex organic compound are broken into simpler one. In which of the following Respiration occurs?
E.R.
Golgi body
Mitochondria
Nucleus
(c) The majority of aerobic respiration, including the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation, occurs in the mitochondria.
34. Some fungi grow on wood. They can decompose cellulose and lignin. These fungi falls in which class
Phycomycetes
Ascomycetes
Basidiomycetes
Deuteromycetes
(c) Many fungi that grow on wood and decompose cellulose and lignin belong to the class Basidiomycetes (e.g., bracket fungi, mushrooms).
35. A virus can transmit the genetic material of one bacterial cell into another bacterial cell. This process is called
Transformation
Transduction
Transmission
Conjugation
(b) Transduction is the process by which a virus (bacteriophage) transfers genetic material from one bacterial cell to another.
36. The eukaryotic ribosome is made up of 2 sub-units which are
30S+20S
30S+50S
40S+50S
40S+60S
(d) Eukaryotic ribosomes are 80S ribosomes, composed of a large 60S subunit and a small 40S subunit.
37. In our body, every cells undergo mitotic division. The no. of daughter cells produced after 4 number of mitotic divisions is:
4
8
16
32
(c) Starting with one cell, after one mitotic division, 2 daughter cells are produced (21). After two divisions, 4 daughter cells (22). After three divisions, 8 daughter cells (23). After four divisions, 16 daughter cells (24) are produced.
38. Ovules symmetrical and straight with chalaza at the base and micropyle at the tip is called:
Anatropous
Amphitropous
Campylotropous
Orthotropous
(d) Orthotropous ovules are upright and straight, with the micropyle, chalaza, and funiculus lying in a straight line.
39. The trisomy in the 13^th chromosome in human occurs due to:
Chromose inversion
Crossing over
Non-disjunction
Point mutation
(c) Trisomy, the presence of an extra copy of a chromosome, is often caused by non-disjunction, the failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate properly during meiosis.
40. The graphical representation of ecological parameters at different tropic level in ecosystem is called ecological pyramid. How many types of ecological pyramids are there?
1
2
3
4
(c) There are three main types of ecological pyramids: pyramid of number, pyramid of biomass, and pyramid of energy.
41. Phagocytosis is the important process in our body to destroy parasites. This process is the function of:
Basophils
Eosinophils
Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
(c) Neutrophils are a type of phagocytic white blood cell that plays a crucial role in the innate immune system by engulfing and destroying pathogens, including parasites.
42. Typhoid affects small intestine of our body. It is caused by:
Salmonella
Ascaris
Mycobacterium
Toxoplasm
(a) Typhoid fever is caused by the bacterium Salmonella typhi, which infects the small intestine and can spread to other organs.
43. BCG is an important vaccine for the prevention of tuberculosis. This vaccine fall under the category:
Killed
Live attenuated
Toxoid
None
(b) The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine is a live attenuated vaccine, meaning it contains a weakened form of the Mycobacterium bovis bacterium, which is related to the bacteria that cause tuberculosis.
44. A patient admitted in hospital because of jaundice. After diagnosis, report shows that he is suffering from hepatitis B. What may be the probable cause of transmission of hepatitis B for the patient?
[Hepatitis B transmission like the AIDs. (Sexual contact, Mother to child, Blood transfusion)]
Faeco-oral route
Droplet infection
Genetic factor
Sexual contact
(d) Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is transmitted through contact with infected blood or other body fluids, including sexual contact, mother-to-child transmission during birth, and sharing of needles or other contaminated items.
45. Organ transplantation is risky because of tissue rejection. Which one of the following organ transplantation is easier and safe?
Cornea
Kidney
Heart
Lungs
(a) Corneal transplants have a lower risk of rejection compared to other organs because the cornea is avascular (lacks blood vessels), which reduces the immune system's ability to recognize and attack the transplanted tissue.
46. Pituitary gland has 2 lobes; one is anterior and other is posterior. Which of the following hormone is secreted from the gland?
Growth hormone
Insulin
Progesterone
Thyroxine
(a) Growth hormone (GH) is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland.
47. During blood sugar test, a patient's blood has higher glucose level, cholesterol and ketone body formation. This type of disorder is occur due to deficiency of which gland hormone:
Pituitary
Thyroid
Pancreas
Parathyroid
(c) High glucose levels, elevated cholesterol, and ketone body formation are characteristic signs of diabetes mellitus, a disorder caused by the deficiency or ineffective action of insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas.
48. Protein is an important nutrients for our body growth. Deficiency of protein causes:
[Kwashiorkor is especially caused due to deficiency of Protein.]
Kwashiorkor
Marasmus
Tetany
Scurvy
(a) Kwashiorkor is a severe form of malnutrition primarily caused by protein deficiency.
49. All the arteries carry oxygenated blood. But which of the following artery, carry deoxygenated blood?
Phrenic
Renal
Pudendal
Pulmonary
(d) The pulmonary artery is the only artery in the body that carries deoxygenated blood, from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs.
50. The contraction of voluntary muscles, maintenance of postures and orientation of body is done by:
Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Hypothalamus
Medulla oblongata
(b) The cerebellum plays a crucial role in the coordination of voluntary movements, maintaining posture, balance, and equilibrium.
51. The solvent can flow from lower concentration to higher concentration through semi-permeable membrane. This process is called:
Active absorption
Diffusion
Osmosis
Imbibition
(c) Osmosis is the movement of solvent molecules (typically water) from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration through a selectively permeable membrane.
52. If a normal daughter of colourblind man marries a normal man, what would be the chance of colour blind children?
All daughters would be colourblind
All sons would be normal
50% of sons colourblind
50% of daughters colourblind
(c) Colorblindness is an X-linked recessive trait. A colorblind man has genotype XcY. A normal daughter would have genotype XCXc (carrier). A normal man has genotype XCY. Their sons can be XCY (normal) or XcY (colorblind), so there is a 50% chance of having colorblind sons. Their daughters would be XCXC (normal) or XCXc (carrier), so no daughters would be colorblind.
53. If a person has eaten properly not cooked pork, there is a chance that he may suffer from:
Amoebiasis
Taeniasis
Elephantiasis
Cholera
(b) Eating raw or undercooked pork can lead to taeniasis, an infection caused by the tapeworm Taenia solium.
54. Green house effect is due to the presence of large amount of:
CO_2
Ozone layer
Water vapours
Infrared light
(a) The greenhouse effect is primarily due to the presence of large amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, which trap infrared radiation and warm the planet.
55. The other names for secondary cortex, cork cambium and cork are:
Phelloderm, Phellogen and Phellem
Phellogen, Phelloderm and Phellem
Phellem, Phelloderm and Phellogen
Phellem, Phellogen and Phelloderm
(a) Secondary cortex is also known as phelloderm, cork cambium is known as phellogen, and cork is known as phellem.
56. A wife of newly married couple comes to OPD for advice to use contraceptive device. Which will you prefer?
[Prevents pregnancy by giving Estrogen and Progesteron which prevents Luitenizing hormone.]
Vasectomy of husband
Minilap for female
Coitus interrupts
Oral pills
(d) For a newly married couple seeking advice on contraception, oral contraceptive pills are a common and reversible option for the wife.
57. A number of sessile flowers grow on a suppressed peduncle forming a globose inflorescence is called:
Catkin
Corymb
Capitate
Umbel
(c) A capitate inflorescence, also known as a head, is a dense cluster of sessile flowers that grow on a flattened or somewhat rounded receptacle, often surrounded by an involucre of bracts, giving it a globose appearance.
58. In cockroach, the brain hormone secreted by the intercerebral glands is responsible for activation of
Corpora allata
Cerebral ganglia
Prothoracic gland
Corpora cardiaca
(c) In cockroaches, the brain hormone (ecdysiotropin) secreted by the intercerebral glands stimulates the prothoracic gland to secrete ecdysone, the molting hormone.
59. Bryophytes can be distinguish from algae because they
Are thalloid forms
Don’t have conducting tissue
Contains chloroplast in their cells
Prossess archeagonia with outer layer of sterile cells
(d) Bryophytes are characterized by the presence of archegonia (female sex organs) with an outer layer of sterile cells, which distinguishes them from algae, which typically have simpler reproductive structures.
60. Brachial and muculo-cutaneous veins in frog unit to form
Innominate vein
External jugular vein
Subclavian vein
Postcaval vein
(c) In frogs, the brachial and musculocutaneous veins join to form the subclavian vein.
