1. Phylum
    2. 1. Classification of Animals
    2. Protozoa
    3. Porifera
    4. Coelenterata
    5. Platyhelminthes
    6. Nemathelminthes
    7. Annelida
    8. Earthworm
    9. Arthropoda
    10. Cockroach
    11. Mosquito
    12. Honey bee and Silk moth
    13. Mollusca
    14. Echinodermata
    15. Hemichordata
    16. Chordata
    17. Pisces
    18. Amphibia
    19. Frog
    20. Reptile
    21. Aves
    22. Mammalia
    23. Rabbit bone
  2. Animal Behaviour and Adaptation
    3. 24. Animal behaviour
    25. Animal adaptation
    26. Migration
  3. Developmental Biology
    4. 27. Development of Animals
    28. Development of Frog
  4. Human Biology
    5. 29. Tissues
    30. Sense organs
    31. Digestive system
    32. Circulatory system
    33. Respiratory system
    34. Nervous system
    35. Endocrine system
    36. Reproductive system
    37. Excretory system
    38. Skeletal system
    39. Basic concept of Immunology
    40. Human diseases
  5. Evolutionary Biology
    6. 41. Origin of Life
    42. Organic Evolution
    43. Theories of Evolution
    44. Evolution of Human beings
    45. Horse Evolution
Phylum
7. Annelida
ANNELIDA
▢ General Characteristics:
❖ Description: Segmented worms
❖ Symmetry: Bilateral
❖ Germ Layers: Triploblastic
❖ Coelom: Eucoelomate (true coelom)
❖ Coelom Evolution: First appearance of coelom
❖ Body Type: Worm-like
❖ Segmentation:
◉ Type: Metameric (homonomous)
◉ New Segment Formation: Occurs at the posterior just in front of pygidium
❖ Nerve Cord: Large, longitudinal, ventral
❖ Body Plan: Tube within a tube (Protostomic)
❖ Organization: Organ-system level
▢ Alimentary Canal: Straight
▢ Excretory System:
❖ Organs: Nephridia
❖ Origin: Ectodermal (from nephroblastic cell)
▢ Anus:
❖ Location: Last body segment
❖ Post-anal Tail: Absent
▢ Cuticle: Non-chitinous, albuminoid
▢ Circulatory System:
❖ Type: Closed
❖ Heart: First appearance
❖ RBC: Absent
❖ Respiratory Pigment: Haemoglobin
▢ Embryonic Similarity: Resembles Mollusca in segmentation of muscles and nervous system
▢ Digestive Gland: First appearance
▢ Notes:
❖ Clamworm: Possesses 2 pairs of eyes
❖ Nereis: Gregarious, nocturnal, and carnivorous; mature form is Heteronereis
❖ Chaetopterus: Exhibits great power of regeneration
❖ Eunice: Example of Errantia
▢ Classification:
❖ Criteria: Based on setae position/arrangement and presence of sense organs
S.N.
Polychaeta (many hair)
Oligochaeta
Hirudinea
Arachinnelida
1
Setae long, numerous, in parapodia
Small and fewer
Absent
Absent
2
Parapodia present
Absent
Absent
Absent
3
Distinct head with sense organs
Absent
Absent
Head with sense organs present
4
Clitellum absent
Present
Temporary (only during breeding)
-
5
External segmentation: +
+
-
+
6
Internal segmentation: +
+
+
-
7
Sexes separate
United
United
Separate or United
8
Development: Indirect (Trochophore larva)
Direct
Direct
Indirect (Trochophore larva)
9
Examples: Nereis (Sand worm), Lumbricus, Chaetopterus, Aphrodite, Arenicola, Tubeworm
Pheretima (Earthworm), Lumbricus (European earthworm), Tubifex (Blood worm)
Hirudinaria (Cattle leech), Pontobdella (Fish leech), Acanthobdella
Polygordius
NEREIS (SANDWORM/ CLAMPWORM/ RAGWORM)
Larva
Trochohore larva
HIRUDINARIA (LEECH)
▢ General Information:
❖ Type: Blood-sucking ectoparasite (sanguivorous)
▢ Body Structure:
❖ Segments: 33
❖ Tissue:
◉ Name: Botryoidal tissue
◉ Also Called: Haemocoelomic channels
◉ Type: Connective tissue
◉ Function: Helps in excretion
❖ Suckers: 2 (anterior and posterior)
❖ Eyes: 5 pairs of dorsal eyes
❖ Clitellum:
◉ Presence: Temporary
◉ Location: Develops during breeding season (9th to 11th segment)
❖ Anus: Dorsal
▢ Saliva:
❖ Secretion: Contains Hirudin
❖ Source: Salivary glands
❖ Function: Anticoagulant
▢ Digestion:
❖ Blood Digestion: Assisted by bacterium *Pseudomonas hirudinis*
▢ Excretory System:
❖ Testicular Nephridia:
◉ Count: 11 pairs
◉ Segments: 12th to 22nd
◉ Connection: Each connected with a testis sac
❖ Pretesticular Nephridia:
◉ Count: 6 pairs
◉ Segments: 6th to 11th
◉ Connection: Not connected with testis sac
Type
No. of Pairs
Segments
Connection with Testis Sac
Pretesticular Nephridia
6
6th to 11th
Not connected
Testicular Nephridia
11
12th to 22nd
Connected
1. Schizocoel is body cavity of:

[BPKIHS 2005]

  • Mollusca
  • Echinoderms
  • Platyhelminthes
  • Annelids
2. The animal without any respiratory organ is:

[BPKIHS 2006]

  • Cockroach
  • Earthworm
  • Snake
  • Frog
3. Trochophore larva is found in

[MOE 2063]

  • Annelida
  • Arthropoda
  • Mollusca
  • Echinodermata
4. Which of the following belongs to Annelida

[MOE 2003]

  • Sea pen
  • Sea mouse
  • Sea fur
  • Sea cow
5. Parapodia are found in

[IOM 2006]

  • Oligochaeta
  • Polychaeta
  • Arthropoda
  • Hirudinea
6. Organisms having bilateral symmetry, closed circulatory system and metameric segmentation belongs to
  • Annelida
  • Mollusca
  • Arthropoda
  • Echinodermata
7. The most important character of annelids is
  • Metamerism
  • Hermaphroditism
  • Elongated body
  • Presence of nephridium
8. What is common between leech, centipede and earthworm?
  • Hermaphroditism
  • Ventral nerve cord
  • Absence of legs
  • Malpighian tubules
9. Cuticle of annelids is
  • Non-chitinous and albuminoid
  • Chitinous
  • Chitinous and albuminoid
  • Non-chitinous
10. Botryoidal tissue is found in
  • Hirudinaria
  • Earthworm
  • Rabbit
  • Ascaris
11. Leech obtains continuous blood-stream from its victim by pouring in it
  • Heparin
  • Insulin
  • Pepsin
  • Hirudin
12. "Sea mouse" belongs to phylum
  • Chordata
  • Mollusca
  • Annelida
  • Echinodermata
13. Which is not a feature of annelid?
  • Metamerism
  • Nephridia
  • Pseudocoelom
  • Clitellum
14. Chloragogen cells resemble the following function
  • Collared cells
  • Flame cells
  • Plasma cells
  • Mesophyll cells
15. The main excretory organ of Annelida is

[IOM-2014]

  • Flame cell
  • Malphigian tubule
  • Kidney
  • Nephridium
16. The basis of classification of Phylum 'Annelida' is

[MOE 2014]

  • Shape of the body
  • Sense organ
  • Locomotory organ
  • Clitellum position