(b) The correct order of urine formation is glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion. Dialysis is a medical procedure, not a step in normal urine formation.
11. Which of the following parts of the nephron is least permeable to water? [IE 2009]
[IE 2009]
Proximal tubule
Descending limb of the loop of Henle
Ascending limb of the loop of Henle
Collecting duct
(c) The ascending limb of the loop of Henle is relatively impermeable to water.
12. Transitional epithelium is found in: [IE 2008]
[IE 2008]
Gall bladder
Urinary bladder
Stomach
Live
(b) Transitional epithelium is characteristic of the urinary bladder, allowing it to expand and contract.
13. GFR stands for [IOM 2007]
[IOM 2007]
Gross fertility rate
Glomerular filtration rate
Glucose filtration rate
Glycogen filtration rate
(b) GFR stands for Glomerular Filtration Rate, a measure of kidney function.
14. Chemical responsible for increase in BP due to renin action is [BPKIHS 2009]
[BPKIHS 2009]
Aldosterone
Angiotensinogen
Angiotensin I
Angiotensin II
(d) Angiotensin II is the primary chemical responsible for increasing blood pressure as a result of renin action.
15. Homeostasis occurs in: [IE 2007]
[IE 2007]
All organisms to some extent
Animals only
Multicellular organism only
Birds & mammals only
(a) Homeostasis, the maintenance of a stable internal environment, occurs in all organisms to some extent.
16. Which is not absorbed from the filtrate to the blood of the proximal tubules? [IE 2007]
[IE 2007]
Glucose
Na
Plasma protein
Water
(c) Plasma proteins are generally too large to be filtered and thus are not normally present in the filtrate to be reabsorbed in the proximal tubules.
17. The maximum reabsorption of water takes place in [BP 2007]
[BP 2007]
PCT
Bowman's capsule
Henle's loop
DCT
(a) The majority of water reabsorption occurs in the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT).
18. The mammalian urine is [BP 2007]
[BP 2007]
Equitonic
Hypertonic
Isotonic
Hypotonic
(b) Mammalian urine is typically hypertonic, meaning it has a higher solute concentration than blood plasma.
19. Ultrafiltration takes place in [KU 2006]
[KU 2006]
Lymph vessels
alveolus
Bowman's capsule
carotid artery
(c) Ultrafiltration, the process of filtering blood to form filtrate, occurs in Bowman's capsule.
20. Uriniferous tubules is found in [MOE 2060]
[MOE 2060]
Urinary bladder
Liver
Kidney
Ovary
(c) Uriniferous tubules, also known as nephrons, are the functional units of the kidney.
21. Urea is mainly excreted by
Liver
Kidney
Skin
Lungs
(b) The kidneys are the primary organs responsible for excreting urea.
22. In Rabbit [IOM 2001]
[IOM 2001]
Left kidney lies above right kidney
Right kidney lies above left kidney
Both lies at same level
Both lies on the left side
(b) In rabbits, the right kidney is positioned slightly higher than the left kidney.
23. Uriniferous tubule is found in [MOE-2060]
[MOE 2060]
Urinary bladder
Liver
Kidney
Ovary
(c) Uriniferous tubule is another name for a nephron, the functional unit of the kidney.
24. Portal system of rabbit differs from that of frog in that rabbit has [IOM 1997]
[IOM 1997]
no renal portal system
no hepatic portal system
has inferior venacava
absence of dorsal aorta
(a) Rabbits, unlike frogs, lack a renal portal system.
25. Diuresis is a condition characterized by [BP 2004]
[BP 2004]
Increase in urine volume
Increase glucose excretion
Decrease in urine volume
Decrease in electrolyte balance
(a) Diuresis is characterized by an increase in urine volume.
26. Haemodialysis especially as performed by an artificial kidney [IOM 2003]
[IOM 2003]
To separate RBCs from blood
To separate haemoglobin
To separate plasma proteins from blood
To separate waste products of metabolism from blood
(d) Hemodialysis using an artificial kidney is used to remove metabolic waste products from the blood.
27. The blood leaving the liver & joining towards the heart is rich in [IE 2001]
[IE 2001]
Bile
Glucose
Urea
RBC
(c) Blood leaving the liver and traveling towards the heart has a high concentration of urea, a waste product of protein metabolism.
28. Which of the following organs maintains the acidbase balance in the body? [IOM 2000]
[IOM 2000]
Heart
Kidney
Liver
Stomach
(b) The kidneys play a crucial role in maintaining the acid-base balance in the body.
29. The right kidney is usually slightly lower than the left, probably due to the presence of [IOM -1995]
[IOM -1995]
Liver
Spleen
Adrenal gland
Kidney
(a) The right kidney is positioned lower than the left due to the presence of the liver.
30. Kidney of adult rabbit is [IOM 1998]
[IOM 1998]
Opisthonephrous
Mesonephrous
Pronephrous
Metanephrous
(d) The adult rabbit kidney is metanephrous, the most advanced type of kidney.
31. Muscle controlling the passage of the urine from the bladder to the urethra in vertebrates [KU 2012]
[KU 2012]
Cardiac muscle
Skeletal muscle
Sphincter muscle
Smooth muscle
(c) Sphincter muscles control the passage of urine from the bladder to the urethra.
32. The conversion of protein waste, the ammonia into urea occurs mainly in [2017]
[2017]
Kidney
Liver
Lung
Intestine
(b) The conversion of ammonia to urea occurs primarily in the liver.
33. Most common nitrogenous waste in blood is: [KU 2011]
[KU 2011]
Urea
Ammonia
Nitric acid
Uric acid
(a) Urea is the most common nitrogenous waste product found in the blood of mammals.
34. Ascending limb of loop of Henle is permeable to: [MOE 2014]
[MOE 2014]
Glucose
Na
Ammonia
Water
(b) The ascending limb of the loop of Henle is permeable to sodium ions (Na+), but relatively impermeable to water.
35. A single structural and functional unit in the kidney of mammal is called: [KU 2015]
[KU 2015]
Bowman's capsule
Glomerulus
Nephron
Malphigian corpuscle
(c) The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney.
36. Podocytes cells are used in [KU]
[KU]
Walls of captkrig
Glomerulus of kidney
Arterioles
Hypothalamus of brain
(b) Podocytes are specialized cells in the Bowman's capsule that surround the glomerulus and are involved in filtration.
37. Condition in which blood present in urine is [KU ]
[KU]
Alkaptonuria
Hematuria
Anuria
Ketonuria
(b) The presence of blood in the urine is called hematuria.
